Regulatory Effect of Guilu Bugu Prescription in Treating Th17/ Treg Cell Factors of Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Based on Syndrome Differentiation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy Guilu Bugu prescription in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） with deficiency of liver and kidney Yin based on syndrome differentiation and the effect on Th17/Treg cell factors. Method:One hundred and forty patients were randomly divided into observation group （70 cases） and control group （70 cases） by random number table. Both groups' patients got basic treatment of western medicine. Patients in control group got Jintiange capsules， 3 grains/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group got Guilu Bugu prescription， 1 dose/day. The treatment lasted for 6 months. And the 6-month follow-up was recorded. Before treatment， at the 6th month after treatment and at the 6th month of follow-up， bone density of lumbar vertebra L2-4 were detected by DXA， and Lumbar BMD were detected by QCT. Before treatment， at the 3rd and 6th month after treatment， deficiency of liver and kidney Yin and Chinese Osteoporosis-targeted quality of life questionnaire （COQOL） were scored. Before and after treatment， Estradiol （E2）， procollagen I amino terminal pro peptide （PINP）， osteoprotegerin （OPG）， collagen I cross linked C-terminal peptide （S-CTX）， tartrate resistant acid phosphatase （TRACP）， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， IL-22， IL-10， transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） were detected， and CD4+ cells， Th17 cells and Treg cells were calculated. And the safety was evaluated. Result:At the 6th month after treatment and the 6th month of follow-up， DXA （bone mineral density and T-value of lumbar L2-4） and QCT bone mineral density increased （P<0.01）， and the figures in observation group were all higher than those in control group （P<0.01）. At the 3rd and 6th month after treatment， scores of deficiency of liver and kidney Yin and quality of life were all lower than those in control group （P<0.01）. Levels of PINP， S-CTX， TRACP， Th17 cells， ratio of Th17 and Treg， IL-17 and IL-22 were all lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， and levels of OPG， E2， Treg， IL-10 and TGF-β1 were all higher than those in control group （P<0.01）.There was no adverse reaction related to Guilu Bugu prescription. Conclusion:Based on the supplementation of calcium and vitamin D， Guilu Bugu prescription can further improve the bone mineral density， raise the estrogen level， regulate the expressions of bone metabolism markers， Th17， Treg and relevant factors， reverse the imbalance of Th17/Treg， relieve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life， with a better efficacy than that of Jintange capsule and a high safety.

Key factor analysis of the treatment for severe distal tubal diseases / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

Severe tubal disease remains an importantfactor in female infertility.The fertility outcomes forpatients with tubal disease with hydrosalpinx is re-duced by half compared with patients without hydro-salpinx.Neosalpingostomy can improve pregnancy ratessince it eliminates retrograde flow of the hydrosalpingxfluid into the cavity while offering the potential forspontaneous conception.The efficacy of the restorativesurgery is related to tubal damage and the skills of thesurgeon.This study is to demonstrate step-by-step thetechnique of laparoscopic neosalpingostomy,aiming to help increase the fertility rate as well as lower the riskof recurrence.

Influence of fracture resistance of prosthesis with different thickness of ferrule restored with fiber post and resin core and crown / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the influence of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with different thickness of ferrule by mechanical fatigue test and static loading test, and so as to provide a reference for the clinical treatment planning.@*Methods@#Fifty bovine incisors were divided into 5 groups by random number table method (n=10). Group A was the control group in which the incisors were prepared without a ferrule design (0 mm). The other four groups (B, C, D, E) were experimental groups, and the thickness of the dentin ferrule prepared for specimens in each group was 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm. The height of ferrules in all the specimens was 2 mm. Cyclic fatigue loading (2.33 Hz, 50 N) was applied on each specimen until either the specimen was dislodged/fractured or the 300 000 cycles were finished. After fatigue loading, the mode of failure was observed. Those intact specimen after fatigue loading were tested under a gradually increasing force using a universal testing machine (0.05 mm/min) until fracture occurred. The forces required to fracture and failure model was recorded.@*Results@#The results of cyclic loading tests showed that: all specimens survived the 300 000 cycles of intermittent loading. The results of static loading tests showed that: the fracture force of A, B, C, D and E groups respectively were (226.4±67.7), (369.7±34.5), (400.7±48.2), (528.1±56.3), and (555.4±98.5) N (F=15.227, P=0.000). There was a significant difference in fracture resistance between group A and the other four groups, and between group B, C and group D, E (P<0.05). No statistical difference were found in fracture resistance among the other groups (P>0.05). There was strong correlation between the thickness of ferrule and the fracture force by Pearson correlation analysis (r=0.973, P=0.002).@*Conclusions@#Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: The different thickness of ferrule can influence the fracture resistance of the teeth, and when the height of the ferrule is 2.0 mm, the fracture force increased significantly with an increasing ferrule thickness.

Expression of LI-cadherin in advanced gastric cancer and its effect and mechanism on human gastric cancer cell line MKN28 / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression of LI-cadherin in advanced gastric cancer and its effect and mecha-nism on human gastric cancer cell line MKN28. Methods Im-munohistochemical staining was performed on advanced gastric cancer to examine the LI-cadherin protein expression. CCK8, colony formation assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry were used to detect the changes in the biological behavior of MKN28 cells after LI-cadherin gene interference. Dual-luciferase report-er assay and Western blot were used to detect the activity of the NF-κB after the interference of LI-cadherin gene. Results LI-cadherin in chronic gastritis was negative, in well- and moder-ately-differentiated advanced gastric cancer was significantly in-creased, in poorly-differentiated was decreased. Cell prolifera-tion, colony formation, and invation ability were inhibited in the group of knockdown expression of LI-cadherin ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Flow cytometry results showed that knockdown expression of LI-cadherin resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of cells in G1 phase, while the proportion of cells in S phase was significantly lower ( P ＜0. 05 ). Knockdown expression of LI-cadherin resulted in the decreased activation of NF-κB and re-stricted its translation. Conclusion LI-cadherin in well- and moderately-differentiated advanced gastric cancer is significantly increased. Knockdown of LI-cadherin can strongly decrease the malignant biological characteristics of human gastric cancer cell line MKN28. Its mechanism may be associated with the NF-κB pathway.

Safety of the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in 70 years of age or older patients / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the safety of the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) in 70 years of age or older patients.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 40 patients (age ≥70 years old) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2012 and December 2016 were collected.Twenty patients undergoing LPD were allocated into the LPD group,and 20 receiving open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) who were selected by random number table during the same period were allocated into the OPD group.Observation indicators included:(1) intraoperative situations;(2) postoperative situations;(3) follow-up situation.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the patients' survival after discharge and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to March 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution was represented as x±s,and comparison between groups were evaluated with the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as median (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric test.Comparison of count data was analyzed using the chi-square test.Comparison of ranked data was analyzed by non parametric test.Results (1) Intraoperative situations:1 patient in the LPD group was converted to open surgery,with a conversive rate of 5.0％ (1/20).Operative time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (463 ± 10) minutes,210.5 mL (152.5-300.0 mL) in the LPD group and (332± 25) minutes,420.0 mL (350.1-493.8 mL) in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (t =5.48,Z =-3.98,P＜0.05).Cases with intraoperative blood transfusion and pylorus preservation were respectively 4,14 in the LPD group and 6,10 in the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.53,1.67,P＞0.05).The results of intraoperative rapid frozen pathological examination showed negative margin of the 40 patients.(2) Postoperative situations:cases in ICU,cases with postoperative analgesia,time for out-of-bed activity,time to anal exsufflation and time for intake were 17,7,(2.2±0.7)days,(4.2± 0.9)days,(4.8±0.7)days in the LPD group and 6,15,(3.6±0.8)days,(5.7±0.9)days,(7.1 ± 2.7)days in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (x2 =12.34,6.47,t=-6.18,-6.55,-3.65,P＜0.05).Pancreatic fistula,delayed gastric emptying (Grade B),postoperative bleeding (Grade B),biliary fistula,pulmonary infection,intestinal obstruction,wound infection,reoperation and major complication were respectively detected in 2,3,1,1,3,1,0,2,3 patients of the LPD group and 2,4,1,1,4,1,2,3,4 in patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.00,0.17,0.00,0.00,0.17,0.00,2.11,0.23,0.17,P＞0.05).Results of postoperative pathological examination showed that duodenal adenocarcinoma,ampullary carcinoma,lower bile duct carcinoma,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatic cystic tumor were respectively detected in 8,2,5,3,2 patients of the LPD group and 10,2,4,2,2 patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.53,P＞0.05).Duration of postoperative hospital stay in the LPD and OPD groups were (19± 13) days and (15±7) days,respectively,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =1.28,P＞ 0.05).Results of postoperative oncology showed that tumor diameter,number of lymph node dissected,number of positive lymph nodes,cases with negative margin,cases in T1N0M0,T2N0M0,T3N0M0,T3N1M0,T4N0M0,T4N1M0 of TNM staging were respectively (2.4±0.7)cm,15.4±2.3,2,20,2,7,8,2,1,0 in the LPD group and (2.8±0.9)cm,14.4±2.5,3,20,1,8,5,2,3,1 in the OPD group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.64,1.32,x2 =0.23,0.00,Z =-0.69,P＞ 0.05).(3) Follow-up situation:1 patient died respectively in both groups within the postoperative 30 days.Thirty-eight patients were followed up for 1-26 months,with a median time of 14 months.During follow-up,2 patients had tumor recurrence and 1 died of myocardial infarction in the LPD group;3 had tumor recurrence and 1 died of tumor recurrence in the OPD group.Conclusion LPD in 70 years of age or older patients is not only safe and feasible,but also significantly reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss and demand of analgesia,as well as quickly resume normal diet and activities.

Safety of the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in 70 years of age or older patients / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the safety of the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) in 70 years of age or older patients.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 40 patients (age ≥70 years old) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2012 and December 2016 were collected.Twenty patients undergoing LPD were allocated into the LPD group,and 20 receiving open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) who were selected by random number table during the same period were allocated into the OPD group.Observation indicators included:(1) intraoperative situations;(2) postoperative situations;(3) follow-up situation.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the patients' survival after discharge and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to March 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution was represented as x±s,and comparison between groups were evaluated with the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as median (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric test.Comparison of count data was analyzed using the chi-square test.Comparison of ranked data was analyzed by non parametric test.Results (1) Intraoperative situations:1 patient in the LPD group was converted to open surgery,with a conversive rate of 5.0％ (1/20).Operative time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (463 ± 10) minutes,210.5 mL (152.5-300.0 mL) in the LPD group and (332± 25) minutes,420.0 mL (350.1-493.8 mL) in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (t =5.48,Z =-3.98,P＜0.05).Cases with intraoperative blood transfusion and pylorus preservation were respectively 4,14 in the LPD group and 6,10 in the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.53,1.67,P＞0.05).The results of intraoperative rapid frozen pathological examination showed negative margin of the 40 patients.(2) Postoperative situations:cases in ICU,cases with postoperative analgesia,time for out-of-bed activity,time to anal exsufflation and time for intake were 17,7,(2.2±0.7)days,(4.2± 0.9)days,(4.8±0.7)days in the LPD group and 6,15,(3.6±0.8)days,(5.7±0.9)days,(7.1 ± 2.7)days in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (x2 =12.34,6.47,t=-6.18,-6.55,-3.65,P＜0.05).Pancreatic fistula,delayed gastric emptying (Grade B),postoperative bleeding (Grade B),biliary fistula,pulmonary infection,intestinal obstruction,wound infection,reoperation and major complication were respectively detected in 2,3,1,1,3,1,0,2,3 patients of the LPD group and 2,4,1,1,4,1,2,3,4 in patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.00,0.17,0.00,0.00,0.17,0.00,2.11,0.23,0.17,P＞0.05).Results of postoperative pathological examination showed that duodenal adenocarcinoma,ampullary carcinoma,lower bile duct carcinoma,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatic cystic tumor were respectively detected in 8,2,5,3,2 patients of the LPD group and 10,2,4,2,2 patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.53,P＞0.05).Duration of postoperative hospital stay in the LPD and OPD groups were (19± 13) days and (15±7) days,respectively,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =1.28,P＞ 0.05).Results of postoperative oncology showed that tumor diameter,number of lymph node dissected,number of positive lymph nodes,cases with negative margin,cases in T1N0M0,T2N0M0,T3N0M0,T3N1M0,T4N0M0,T4N1M0 of TNM staging were respectively (2.4±0.7)cm,15.4±2.3,2,20,2,7,8,2,1,0 in the LPD group and (2.8±0.9)cm,14.4±2.5,3,20,1,8,5,2,3,1 in the OPD group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.64,1.32,x2 =0.23,0.00,Z =-0.69,P＞ 0.05).(3) Follow-up situation:1 patient died respectively in both groups within the postoperative 30 days.Thirty-eight patients were followed up for 1-26 months,with a median time of 14 months.During follow-up,2 patients had tumor recurrence and 1 died of myocardial infarction in the LPD group;3 had tumor recurrence and 1 died of tumor recurrence in the OPD group.Conclusion LPD in 70 years of age or older patients is not only safe and feasible,but also significantly reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss and demand of analgesia,as well as quickly resume normal diet and activities.

Laparoscopic surgery for benign splenic lesions / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS) and laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) in the diagnosis and treatment of benign splenic tumors by comparing the perioperative and follow-up data between these two operative approaches.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 57 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for benign splenic tumors from December 2009 to April 2016.These patients were divided into the LTS and the LPS groups.The clinical data including the preoperative,intraoperative,postoperative and follow-up data were analyzed.Results When compared with the LPS group,the LTS group had shorter operation time [(97.0 ± 22.1)min vs.(135.0 ± 24.6) min,P ＜ 0.05] and less blood loss [(33.3 ± 19.5) min vs.(90.6 ± 55.1)min,P ＜ 0.05],but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the length of hospital stay,the duration of drainage tube placement,the amount of postoperative analgesics as well as the incidences of pulmonary infection,postoperative pancreatic fistula and other complications after surgery.These incidences were low in the two groups.Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery,including LTS and LPS,were safe and feasible in treating benign splenic tumors.

District differences and regional division of heights among Chinese Han children and adolescents / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the district differences of height among Chinese Han population aged 7 to 18 years,and to divide the levels of heights into several regions accordingly,to provide basis for evaluation the development of height in the above said population.Methods Standard Deviation was used to compare the relative lavels of height in different provinces and to divide them into several regions.The results were then showed in map through the Geographic Information System (GIS).Results All the 30 provinces in China were divided into three regions:high,medium and short regions according to the stature.Region with high stature was mainly located in northern,while medium stature was in central and northwest parts and short stature was in southwest parts of China.The differences of height appeared to be significant among regions in every age group.The differences of height were 1-3 cm between adjacent regions,and were even lager between the regions with high or short stature which appeared to be 4-5 cm.Conclusion Overall,heights among the Chinese Han children and adolescents were taller in the northern and shorter in the southern areas.The highest and lowest levels of heights were in the Northern and the Southwest areas respectively.It was observed that the levels of height in the coastal areas were higher than that of the inland.There were no absolute boundaries between different regions because of the gradual transition in the levels of heights in various districts.

The trend analysis of overweight and obesity in Chinese students during 1985 - 2010 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the trend of overweight and obesity in students in China during 1985 - 2010.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data were from Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010, and the sample sizes were 204 977, 216 786, 234 421, 215 319, respectively. BMI was calculated with height and weight. The prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as the rates of increase were described based on the BMI percentile criteria of Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 2010, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in four groups students (urban boys, urban girls, rural boys, and rural girls aged 7 - 18 years) were 23.23% (12 503/53 830), 13.76% (7 414/53 857), 12.72% (6 839/53 744), 8.56% (4 612/53 888), respectively, which were higher in boys and urban, and reached the peak 17.14% (18 463/107 741) in students aged 7 - 12 years. The prevalences of obesity were 0.44% (8/1800) - 21.67% (390/1800) among children aged 7 - 18 years in different provinces. The prevalence of overweight and obesity during 1985 - 1995, 1995 - 2000, 2000 - 2005 and 2005 - 2010 increased 0.10%, 0.30%, 0.23%, 0.23%, respectively, and the increase rate was higher in urban than in rural during 1985 - 2005. During 1985 - 1995, the increase rate of obesity in four groups students were 0.20%, 0.13%, 0.05% and 0.03%, respectively. During 2005 - 2010, the increase rates of obesity in four groups of students were 0.30%, 0.10%, 0.34%, 0.17%, respectively, and the increase rate was higher in rural than in urban.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of obesity among 7 - 18 years-old children increased rapidly during the 1985-2000, and the increase rate of obesity in rural exceeded that in urban during 2005 - 2010.</p>

Study on the references regarding height and prevalence of stunting among children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years of Chinese Han ethnicity / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To develop the reference on height among children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years of Chinese Han ethnicity in different administrative districts of China and to use this height reference for screening stunting.Results from the national screening program were compared with the WHO references.Methods Data from the Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2005 was used to develop the height references through LMS method.Results Differences among the references on height for children and adolescents in different districts ( Ⅰ - Ⅳ ) were remarkable.The highest was seen in the Second Districts while the lowest was seen in the First Districts among those at the age of 18,with differences as 3.18 cm for boys and 2.92 cm for girls.The heights from the inland were shorter than that of the WHO references,with the differences ranging from 0.31 cm to 5.07 cm for boys,and from 0.98 cm to 4.22 cm for girls.The prevalence rates of stunting were 2.22％,2.29％,5.25％,respectively according to local references,national references and the WHO references.Conclusion Universal height references from the whole nation could not discriminate the variations caused by geographic conditions and hereditory factors related to socio-economie situations.Height references should be developed locally,to evaluate height levels of the areas.

Study on growth of height among students during their adolescence in Zhongshan, Guangdong / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To discuss characteristics of height growth such as Peak Height Velocity (PHV) and Age at Peak Height Velocity (PHA) during adolescence,and to compare the results with other research findings.Methods Primary and middle school students' annual physical examination data of Zhongshan in 2005-2010 was used.The height velocity by age,PHV,PHA,height velocity by PHA were calculated.Results The average peak height velocity boys was ( 10.03 ± 1.67 ) cm/yr.and that of the girls was ( 8.39 ± 1.05 ) cm/yr.Both findings were close to the results from previous similar findings.The average age at which peak height velocity reached 12.28± 1.30 years for boys and 10.78 ± 1.04 years for girls,both lower than the previous findings.The correlation coefficients,between height level and PHA were -0.357 (P＜0.001) for boys and -0.338 (P＜0.001) for girls.Conclusion The height levels were positively related to the height velocity before PHA.The Zhongshan students' PHA was lower than the Beijing,Shanghai and Shenyang students,also lower than American and Britain students',but their PHVs were similar.

Evaluation on effects of chromogenic medium in rapid detection of Coliform and Escherichia coli / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the detective efficacy of Chromogenic Coliform and Escherichia Coli Agar (CCEA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A new chromogenic medium CCEA prepared by Huankai laboratory was used to compare with a classical medium of violet red bile agar (VRBA), and other two Chromogenic media Agar I and Agar II by detecting separately 11 reference strains, thirteen sterile samples with Coliform or E.coli and other four samples, and the accordant rates of detection were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CCEA had the good selectivity. To seven kinds of quality strains in the resultant analysis, CCEA with VRBA and Agar I had not shown salience difference (P > 0.05), and CCEA with Agar II had significant difference (P < 0.05). CCEA showed more advantages than the Agar II. To thirteen sterile samples with Coliform or E.coli in resultant analysis, CCEA with Agar I and Agar II had shown no significant difference (P > 0.05), while CCEA with VRBA had significant difference (P < 0.05). CCEA might be more advantageous than the VRBA. In analysis of the four actual samples of Coliform, CCEA with VRBA, Agar I and Agar II showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The accordant rates were 90%, 71.88%, 86.25% and 81.25% respectively, showing CCEA > Agar I > Agar II > VRBA. To two actual samples of E.coli in the resultant analysis, the CCEA with Agar I and Agar II had not shown significant difference (P > 0.05). The accordant rates were 100% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CCEA might be more advantageous than the VRBA, having the same efficacy as with Agar I and Agar II.</p>

Site-directed Mutagenesis and Enzymatic Activity Assay of Gln49-Phospholipase A_2 Mutant / 中国生物工程杂志

In order to confirm the role that the 49th amino acid residue plays in enzymatic inactivity of Glutamine 49 phospholipase A2(Gln49-PLA2),site-directed mutagenesis of its 49th amino acid gene codon was conducted using PCR.Aspartic acid 49 phospholipase A2(Asp49-PLA2-Q49D-PLA2),the mutant of Gln49-PLA2 was expressed in E.coli with pET32a+ vector.The fusion protein,expressed as inclusion body,after being denatured,was on-column refolded and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography(IMAC),and then cleaved by Factor Xa.The mature Q49D-PLA2 mutant was obtained by Hitrap SP cation exchange and Superdex 75 gel filtration chromatography,with the recovery rate of 1.3%,and the specific activity of the mature Q49D-PLA2 mutant was 72 U/mg.It has been demonstrated that the 49th glutamine amino acid residue is the main reason in enzymatic inactivity of Gln49-PLA2 and the results are helpful for denatured protein refolding,especially in rich disulfide bonds conditions.

Surveillance on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Guizhou during 1984-2000 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relations between different areas on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Guizhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Various forms of infectious areas were surveyed continuously through epidemiologic surveillance system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In fixed areas under surveillance system, the mean positive rate of HFRSV among Apodemus agrarius was 3.39%, comparing with Rattus norvegicus 1.61% in Apodemus infectious areas of Zunyi county, 3.19% in Rattus norvegicus, but no HFRSV of Apodemus agrarius was identified in Rattus infectious area of Shiqian county. Both Apodemus and Rattus infectious areas were relatively stabilized. In both banks of Luowang river, Kaiyang county, which had been identified as areas of infections for Apodemus in the eastern part, Rattus infectious area in the west, slow change was noticed. In 1983 - 1984 was not found in Apodemus agrarius HFRSV, however the infectious rate of HFRSV in Apodemus agrarius was 13.85% (Ag 1/65, Ab 8/65) in the western part of the province in 1995 - 1998.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both Apodemus and Rattus infectious areas were stabilized but changed slowly. Mixed type and the result of mutual penetration were noticed.</p>

Study on ribotyping of Lyme borreliosis spirochete in Guizhou province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To define the main genotypes in Guizhou agricultural areas by molecular epidemiologic investigation of 21 Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato of Lyme disease spirochetes and to provide the scientific bases for formulating a preventive policy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to amplify the 23S(rrl)-5S(rrf) intergenic spacer, and amplified products were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and nucleotide sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were two genospecies in the strains: 20 strains belong to Borrelia valaisiana, 1 strain is Borelia sp.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Borrelia valaisiana was the main genotype in Guizhou agricultural areas. The harmness of B. valaisiana to human being has been confirmed. In order to efficiently prevent the harmness of agent to the people in Guizhou agriculture areas, we should study the risk further.</p>

RESEARCH ON DETECTABILITY OF HUANKAI COLIFORM BACTERIA DETECTIVE PLATE FOR DINNER AND DRINKING SETS / 微生物学通报

Based on the counting results from nutrition agar in our study, and compared with another two kinds of coliform bacteria detective plates for dinner and drinking sets which were provided by two manufactures and inspected by China National Health Bureau , we accomplished the detectability test of the Huankai coliform bacteria plates. In our study, 3kinds of cell density were adopted: 10cells/mL, 50cells/mL and 100cells/mL . The results shew that the detectability of Huankai plates basically conformed with that of nutrition agar , and was no evident difference from that of another two kinds of plates. The conclusions were that Huankai plates can completely be used in the inspection and test for conform bacteria.